Updated by: Arabinda Naik
The tests are oval, soft, and smooth organ. There is a pair of testes suspended in the scrotum by the spermatic cords. A fibrous cord that extends from the caudal end of the testis to the scrotal wall is called gubernaculums.They are located outside the abdomen in the scrotum i.e., they are extra abdominal in position. They are oval bodies, around 4 to 5 cm (about 1.97 in) in length and 2 to 3 cm (about 1.18 in) wide. The left testis hangs slightly lower than the right one.
Smooth organ outside the abdominal cavity within a pouch called scrotum helps maintain the low temperature of the testis, which is 2-2.5O C, below the normal internal body temperature.
The testes are surrounded by three layers, which are as follows:
Tunica vaginalis – This is the outer covering of the testes which is a double membrane layer made up of fibrous connective tissue.
Tunica Albuginea – This layer lies under the tunica vaginalis making it the middle layer of testes.
Tunica vasculosa – This layer is the innermost layer and contains many networks of blood capillaries.
Each testis contains about 250 compartments called testicular lobules. Each testicular lobule contains one to three highly coiled seminiferous tubules, in which sperms are produced. Seminiferous tubules are a tubular structure with both ends terminating into short tubular recti. Seminiferous tubules are a tubular structure with both ends terminating into short tubular recti.