Updated by: Arabinda Naik
Accessory glands in the female reproductive system are glands that secrete fluids to aid in lubrication and provide protection. They include vestibular glands, which are of two types:
1. Lesser Vestibular Glands (Paraurethral Glands or Glands of Skene) These are numerous minute glands located on either side of the urethral orifice. They are homologous to the male prostate gland. The glands secrete mucus, which helps in keeping the urethral orifice lubricated.
2. Greater Vestibular Glands (Bartholin’s Glands) Also called greater vestibular glands; these are paired bean-shaped glands located on either side of the vaginal orifice. They are homologous to the bulbo-urethral (Cowper’s) glands in males. The glands secrete a clear, viscous, lubricating fluid that helps reduce friction during sexual intercourse. Their ducts open just outside the hymen into the vestibule. These glands become active during sexual arousal, leading to increased lubrication in the vaginal walls.
Role of Accessory Glands in Sexual Excitement During sexual excitement, blood flow increases to the clitoris, labia minora, labia majora, and pelvic region. The Bartholin’s glands secrete lubricating fluid, helping in vaginal moistness and comfort during intercourse. The vagina elongates, and its walls become moist and lubricated. Rhythmic contractions of the uterus and oviducts help move sperm upwards for fertilization.
Function: Skene’s glands secrete mucus for urethral lubrication. Bartholin’s glands secrete viscid fluid to lubricate the vagina during intercourse.