Updated by: Arabinda Naik
Surgical methods are used by male/female partners as a terminal method to prevent any more pregnancies. These methods block the transport of gametes and prevent contraception.
Sterilization (surgical methods): it is a surgical method of sterilization of males. Vasa differentia is blocked by cutting them so that sperm are unable to pass down the male reproductive duct. in females, it is a surgical procedure where a part of both the fallopian tube is ligated to block the passage of ova through them.
Vasectomy: Under local anesthesia, a transverse incision is made on the skin of the scrotum with the help of a scalpel over the area of vast difference. Each vasa difference is exposed and cut. the two ends are separated and tied. A gap of 1-4 centimeters must be maintained between the two ends otherwise reunion may occur. Vasectomy is a reversible procedure as the two ends may re-join to open the sperm passage.
Tubectomy: where a part of both the fallopian tube is ligated to block the passage of ova. The fallopian tube is cut and the two are cut and tied to prevent reunion. The procedure is reversible as the cut ends may re-join.